Information Regarding Alcoholic Beverage License Applications and Protests
Disclaimer: This information is not intended to be a complete discussion of legal procedures. If you need further assistance, you may contact your local ABC district office or seek independent legal advice.
Revised 01/14
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Public Notice of Application
A person or business (applicant) planning to open a new ABC-licensed business, change the ownership, or move an existing business to a new site must apply for the proper license at an ABC district office. As part of the process, notice must be given to the public and to local officials. This notice occurs in several ways:
- Public Notice – The applicant must post a white or yellow public notice (Form ABC-207 or ABC-207-B) in a prominent place at the proposed premises for 30 days (Bus. & Prof. Code § 23985).
- Written Notice by Mail – ABC mails a copy of the application to the sheriff, chief of police, district attorney, and city council (or the board of supervisors if in an unincorporated area). In some cases, the applicant must also mail written notice to residents and owners of real property within a 500 foot radius of the proposed business (Bus. & Prof. Code §§ 23985.5 & 23987).
- Newspaper Publication – Certain applicants must publish a notice in the local newspaper (Bus. & Prof. Code § 23986).
Filing Your Protest
Any person may protest an ABC license application. You must file your protest at any ABC district office within 30 days, and it must be received by the close of business on the 30th day. The 30 days runs from whichever date is later:
- The date the Public Notice is first posted at the proposed business; or
- The date the applicant mails written notice to residents or owners of real property within a 500′ radius.
The Department provides on-line and in each district office the Protest Against ABC License Application (ABC-510-A) form. This form includes all of the required elements:
- Room for you to state any reason(s) of protest;
- A verification clause; and
- Space for you to date and sign.
You may mail, hand deliver, or fax your signed and dated protest (Code of Civ. Proc. § 1013). You may also e-mail a scanned protest, for example, in .pdf or .jpg format.
Any protest received after the 30 day deadline cannot be considered (Bus. & Prof. Code § 24013).
We encourage you to contact the local ABC district office to find out the exact deadline for filing your protest or to speak with the assigned staff member about your concerns. District office information is found on our website. Please provide the exact address of the proposed business and the applicant’s name, if known.
A copy of valid and verified protests, Form ABC-510-A, and ABC-128 (Protestant’s/ Complainant’s Declaration), will be provided to the applicant as part of the licensing process.
All protests submitted to the ABC are public records and are open to inspection pursuant to the California Public Records Act (Gov. Code § 6254 et seq.).
Professional legal advice is not required to file a protest.
Contents of Protest
All instructions and forms are available to download from the ABC website and are available in each district office.
Your protest must contain the following:
- The particular ground(s) for objection and the facts that support these objections.
- The name of the applicant(s) and the exact address of the proposed business.
- The name, address, and signature of the Protestant. Protests may only be submitted by individuals, and may contain only one signature.
- A protest made by any person other than an ABC employee or a public officer must be verified. Verification may be on information and belief. (Bus. & Prof. Code § 24014.) A declaration signed by the protestant should read as follows: “I (name of protestant), declare under penalty of perjury that I am the protestant herein; that I have read the above protest and know the contents thereof; that the same is true of my own knowledge except as to those matters which are therein stated on information and belief, and as to those matters I believe them to be true.”
- If the protest is made by a public officer acting in his or her official capacity, the declaration under penalty of perjury is not required, but the protest should be on official letterhead and show the public official ’s capacity.
Grounds for Protest
The California Constitution provides that the sale, purchase, and consumption of alcoholic beverages in licensed premises is legal. Therefore, ABC cannot deny a license solely because a protestant has personal beliefs against the use of alcoholic beverages — denial must relate to public welfare and morals (Cal. Const. art. XX. Sec. 22). Some of the grounds of protest, which could relate to public welfare and morals, are as follows:
- The premises is located within the immediate vicinity of a school, church, hospital, or children’s playground and the normal operation of the licensed premises would interfere with their function s. (Bus. & Prof. Code § 23789.) Be specific as to how the sale of alcoholic beverages will adversely affect the facility. Mere proximity to such a facility is not sufficient legal grounds to deny the license.
- The premises is located in a residential area and the normal operation of the licensed premises would interfere with the quiet enjoyment of their property by the residents of the area. (Dept’s. Rule 61.4, found in tit. 4, Cal. Code Regs.) Be specific as to how the sale of alcoholic beverages will adversely affect the residents.
- The premises or parking lot is located within 100 feet of a residence and the applicant has failed to establish that the operation of the licensed premises would not interfere with the quiet enjoyment of the property by the residents. (Dept’s. Rule 61.4.) This only applies to premises that have not been operated with the same type license within 90 days of the application.
- Licensing the premises would create a public nuisance as defined in Penal Code Section 370. State specific facts leading to this conclusion.
- Issuance of the license would result in or add to an undue concentration of licenses . (Bus. & Prof. Code § 23958 and 23958.4.) List any problems that existing licensed businesses in the area may be causing.
- The applicant is not the true or sole owner of the business to be licensed. (Bus . & Prof . Code §§ 23300, 23355, 23950, et seq. ) You must present testimony or other evidence as to the true ownership.
The following are grounds usually cited by city or county enforcement agencies only. But they can be used by persons who have independent, adequate evidence of same:
- Issuance of the license to the premises would tend to create a law enforcement problem, or aggravate an existing police problem. (Bus . & Prof . Code § 23958.)
- Licensing the premises would be contrary to the provisions of a valid zoning ordinance of any city or county . (Bus . & Prof . Code § 23790.)
- The applicant has been convicted of a felony, a crime involving moral turpitude, or one of the offenses listed in the Alcoholic Beverage Control Act section 24200, subdivision (b). (Bus. & Prof. Code § 23952.)
- The applicant has a police record that disqualifies him or her for a license. (Cal. Const. art. XX., sec. 22.)
- The applicant has misrepresented a mate rial fact in obtaining a license. (Bus. & Prof. Code § 24299, subd. (c) .)
Tips
- For your protest to be more effective, it should be specific and not just a restatement of the above examples.
- Some people find it worthwhile to meet with the applicant before filing a protest. This lets the applicant know that someone is concerned about the proposed business and gives the applicant a chance to respond to your concerns.
- By meeting with the applicant, you can find out:
- Who is the applicant? Is the applicant a local business person in good standing? Has the applicant owned other licensed businesses in a responsible manner?
- What type of business is planned?
- What type of patrons will the business attract? Is a youthful crowd expected?
- Will there be ample, trained staff?
- Will the applicant have and enforce written house/store policies? For example, what are the applicant’s plans for responsible marketing and promotions, safe rides, promotion of non-alcohol and low-alcohol drinks and food, checking identification of youthful patrons, drink limits, and crowd control/security?
- In some cases, the applicant may be willing to agree to certain conditions. For example, if there could be late-night noise, the applicant may be willing to stop alcohol sales after a certain time. The parties should contact the ABC staff member assigned to the case, if the applicant is willing to agree to conditions that alienate the concerns of the protestant. ABC will then evaluate if the proposed condition is appropriate to impose on the license.
Investigation
After a person or business applies for the ABC license, The Department conducts a thorough investigation, as required by law. The ABC agent or licensing representative looks into the applicant’s personal history, the applicant’s source of funds, the suitability of the proposed premises, and any issues raised in the protest(s). (Bus. & Prof. Code § 23958.)
Interim Operating Permit
If ABC recommends approval of a protested license application, the applicant may apply for an Interim Operating Permit. This allows the business to sell alcoholic beverages pending the protest hearing and any appeals. (Bus. & Prof. Code § Sec. 24044.5.)
Public Hearing
Purpose
Under the California Alcoholic Beverage Control Act (Bus. & Prof. Code § 23000 et seq. ), a hearing may be held on a valid protest. This affords the applicant the right to meet the objections with any evidence he or she may have. However, the submission of your protest does not complete the matter. You will be notified by letter regarding a hearing on your protest if a hearing is scheduled. You or your authorized representative will need to attend the hearing to present testimony and/or evidence to support your protest.
Time and Place of Hearing
The hearing will take place in the county seat for the business. However, if the governing body of a city files an official protest, the hearing shall be held within such city.
After the Hearing
After the hearing, the administrative law judge will take the protest under advisement. The judge will issue a proposed decision, which is a ruling, usually within 30 days, for review by the ABC Director. ABC may adopt or reject the proposed decision of the judge.
Once ABC has rendered a decision, any party to the matter may appeal the decision to the ABC Appeals Board, an independent, three-member Board appointed by the Governor.
The ABC Appeals Board decision can then be appealed to the State Courts of Appeal and to the State Supreme Court.
Tips
- If there are multiple protestants, decide who will speak on behalf of the group at the hearing. An attorney is not needed for this role. In fact, local community members may be most effective in raising community issues.
- To be most effective, all presentations should be short and concise and not repeat other presentations.
- Protestants may submit testimony and other evidence such as graphs, tables, pictures, photographs, video tapes, etc. These items do not need to be professionally done. However, because this hearing is a legal proceeding, any evidence submitted is subject to discovery rules and objection. The judge will be able to study any written materials entered into evidence.
District Offices
For the location of the ABC district office nearest you, consult your phone directory or visit the District Offices page on our website.